Video Pipeline —
Encode & Decode.

# Kamera caps listesi (GStreamer ile)
gst-device-monitor-1.0 Video/Source

# YUYV 1280x720 @ 30fps
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=YUYV,width=1280,height=720,framerate=30/1 ! \
  videoconvert ! autovideosink

# MJPEG 1920x1080 @ 30fps (USB kamera)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  image/jpeg,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=30/1 ! \
  jpegdec ! videoconvert ! autovideosink

# io-mode: userptr DMA transfer (sıfır kopya için)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 io-mode=4 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=1920,height=1080 ! \
  v4l2h264enc ! filesink location=out.h264

# Parlaklık, kontrast gibi kamera kontrollerini listele
v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 --list-ctrls

# GStreamer içinden v4l2 kontrol yaz
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 extra-controls="c,brightness=128,contrast=64" ! \
  videoconvert ! autovideosink

# 1080p@60 kamera → 720p@30 → H.264 encode
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=YUYV,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=60/1 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  videoscale ! \
  video/x-raw,width=1280,height=720 ! \
  videorate ! \
  video/x-raw,framerate=30/1 ! \
  x264enc bitrate=2000 ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=out.mp4

# videoscale metodu seç
gst-launch-1.0 videotestsrc ! \
  videoscale method=bilinear ! \
  video/x-raw,width=640,height=360 ! \
  autovideosink

# Temel kullanım
gst-launch-1.0 \
  videotestsrc ! videoconvert ! \
  x264enc bitrate=2000 ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=sw_encode.mp4

# Düşük gecikme (RTSP/streaming için)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=YUYV,width=1280,height=720 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  x264enc \
    tune=zerolatency \
    speed-preset=ultrafast \
    bitrate=1500 \
    key-int-max=30 \
    b-adapt=false \
    bframes=0 ! \
  rtph264pay ! \
  udpsink host=192.168.1.100 port=5000

# Yüksek kalite arşiv (CRF modu)
gst-launch-1.0 -e \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 num-buffers=300 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=YUYV,width=1920,height=1080 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  x264enc \
    pass=qual \
    quantizer=21 \
    profile=high ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=hq.mp4

# HEVC encode — H.264'e göre ~2x daha verimli sıkıştırma
gst-launch-1.0 \
  videotestsrc num-buffers=150 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=I420,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=30/1 ! \
  x265enc \
    bitrate=1000 \
    speed-preset=fast \
    tune=zerolatency ! \
  h265parse ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=hevc.mp4

# Not: x265enc çıkışı için h265parse gerekebilir

# Raspberry Pi 4 — hardware H.264 encode
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=YUY2,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=30/1 ! \
  v4l2convert ! \
  video/x-raw,format=NV12 ! \
  v4l2h264enc extra-controls="controls,repeat_sequence_header=1" ! \
  video/x-h264,level=(string)4 ! \
  h264parse ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=rpi_hw.mp4

# i.MX8MP — hardware encode + DMA-BUF
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 io-mode=dmabuf ! \
  video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=30/1 ! \
  v4l2h264enc capture-io-mode=dmabuf ! \
  filesink location=imx8_hw.h264

# Encoder kontrollerini listele
v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video1 --list-ctrls
# /dev/video1 genellikle encode, /dev/video0 kamera

# VA-API bilgilerini kontrol et
vainfo
# vainfo: VA-API version: 1.16
# Driver version: Intel iHD driver  ...
# Supported profile and entrypoints:

# VAAPI H.264 encode
gst-launch-1.0 \
  videotestsrc num-buffers=300 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=30/1 ! \
  vaapih264enc bitrate=4000 keyframe-period=30 ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=vaapi.mp4

# VAAPI H.265 encode
gst-launch-1.0 \
  videotestsrc ! \
  vaapih265enc bitrate=2000 ! \
  h265parse ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=vaapi_hevc.mp4

# Jetson hardware H.264 encode
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=30/1 ! \
  nvv4l2h264enc \
    bitrate=4000000 \
    iframeinterval=30 \
    preset-level=1 \
    insert-sps-pps=true ! \
  h264parse ! \
  mp4mux ! filesink location=jetson_hw.mp4

# Jetson H.265 encode
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=3840,height=2160 ! \
  nvv4l2h265enc bitrate=8000000 ! \
  h265parse ! \
  filesink location=jetson_4k.h265

# Herhangi bir video dosyasını otomatik decode et ve göster
gst-launch-1.0 \
  filesrc location=video.mp4 ! \
  decodebin ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  autovideosink

# uridecodebin — URI destekli (file://, rtsp://, http://)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  uridecodebin uri=file:///home/user/video.mp4 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  autovideosink

# playbin — tam oynatıcı (audio+video+subtitle)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  playbin uri=file:///home/user/video.mp4

# Software decode (avdec_h264 — libav/FFmpeg)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  filesrc location=video.h264 ! \
  h264parse ! \
  avdec_h264 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  autovideosink

# V4L2 hardware decode (i.MX8 / RPi)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  filesrc location=video.h264 ! \
  h264parse ! \
  v4l2h264dec ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  autovideosink

# Jetson hardware decode
gst-launch-1.0 \
  filesrc location=video.h264 ! \
  h264parse ! \
  nvv4l2decoder ! \
  nvvideoconvert ! \
  nv3dsink

# VAAPI decode (Intel/AMD)
gst-launch-1.0 \
  filesrc location=video.h264 ! \
  h264parse ! \
  vaapih264dec ! \
  vaapipostproc ! \
  autovideosink

#include <gst/gst.h>
#include <gst/app/gstappsink.h>

static GstFlowReturn new_sample_cb(GstAppSink *sink, gpointer data)
{
    GstSample  *sample;
    GstBuffer  *buffer;
    GstMapInfo  map;

    sample = gst_app_sink_pull_sample(sink);
    if (!sample) return GST_FLOW_ERROR;

    buffer = gst_sample_get_buffer(sample);
    gst_buffer_map(buffer, &map, GST_MAP_READ);

    /* map.data → ham piksel verisi, map.size → byte boyutu */
    g_print("Frame alındı: %zu byte, ts=%" GST_TIME_FORMAT "\n",
            map.size, GST_TIME_ARGS(GST_BUFFER_PTS(buffer)));

    /* Burada frame işleme: OpenCV, TFLite vb. */

    gst_buffer_unmap(buffer, &map);
    gst_sample_unref(sample);
    return GST_FLOW_OK;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    GstElement *pipeline, *appsink_el;
    GstAppSink *appsink;

    gst_init(&argc, &argv);

    pipeline = gst_parse_launch(
        "v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! "
        "video/x-raw,format=RGB,width=640,height=480 ! "
        "videoconvert ! "
        "video/x-raw,format=RGB ! "
        "appsink name=sink emit-signals=true max-buffers=1 drop=true",
        NULL);

    appsink_el = gst_bin_get_by_name(GST_BIN(pipeline), "sink");
    appsink    = GST_APP_SINK(appsink_el);

    /* Yeni frame sinyalini bağla */
    g_signal_connect(appsink, "new-sample", G_CALLBACK(new_sample_cb), NULL);

    gst_element_set_state(pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING);

    /* Ana döngü */
    GMainLoop *loop = g_main_loop_new(NULL, FALSE);
    g_main_loop_run(loop);

    gst_element_set_state(pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
    gst_object_unref(pipeline);
    return 0;
}

# Seviye: 0=NONE, 1=ERROR, 2=WARN, 3=FIXME, 4=INFO, 5=DEBUG, 6=LOG, 7=TRACE
export GST_DEBUG="*:3"               # tüm kategoriler WARNING+
export GST_DEBUG="v4l2src:5,x264enc:4"  # seçici
export GST_DEBUG_FILE=/tmp/gst.log   # dosyaya yaz

# Renk log (terminal)
export GST_DEBUG_COLOR_MODE=on

# Şema (dot) dosyası oluştur — pipeline görselleştirme
export GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR=/tmp/gst_dots
# Pipeline PLAYING'e geçince .dot dosyası oluşur
# dot -Tpng pipeline.dot -o pipeline.png

# fpsdisplaysink ile gerçek zamanlı FPS izleme
gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,width=1920,height=1080,framerate=30/1 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  fpsdisplaysink video-sink=autovideosink sync=false text-overlay=true

# CPU kullanımını ölç (encode sırasında)
pidstat -u 1 &
gst-launch-1.0 -e \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 num-buffers=300 ! \
  videoconvert ! x264enc ! filesink location=/dev/null

# Pipeline gecikme analizi
GST_DEBUG="GST_PERFORMANCE:5" gst-launch-1.0 \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  x264enc tune=zerolatency ! \
  udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=5000 2>&1 | grep latency

# Kamera → tee → (MP4 dosya) + (UDP RTP stream)
gst-launch-1.0 -e \
  v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! \
  video/x-raw,format=YUYV,width=1280,height=720,framerate=30/1 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  video/x-raw,format=I420 ! \
  tee name=t \
    t. ! queue max-size-buffers=5 leaky=downstream ! \
       x264enc bitrate=3000 speed-preset=fast key-int-max=30 ! \
       mp4mux ! filesink location=kayit.mp4 \
    t. ! queue max-size-buffers=2 leaky=downstream ! \
       x264enc bitrate=1000 speed-preset=ultrafast tune=zerolatency ! \
       rtph264pay config-interval=1 pt=96 ! \
       udpsink host=192.168.1.100 port=5000

# VLC ile izle
vlc rtp://0.0.0.0:5000

# GStreamer alıcı pipeline
gst-launch-1.0 \
  udpsrc port=5000 ! \
  application/x-rtp,encoding-name=H264,payload=96 ! \
  rtph264depay ! \
  h264parse ! \
  avdec_h264 ! \
  videoconvert ! \
  fpsdisplaysink sync=false

#include <gst/gst.h>
#include <signal.h>

static GMainLoop *loop;

static void sig_handler(int s) { g_main_loop_quit(loop); }

static gboolean bus_cb(GstBus *bus, GstMessage *msg, gpointer data)
{
    switch (GST_MESSAGE_TYPE(msg)) {
    case GST_MESSAGE_EOS:
        g_main_loop_quit((GMainLoop *)data); break;
    case GST_MESSAGE_ERROR: {
        GError *e; gchar *d;
        gst_message_parse_error(msg, &e, &d);
        g_printerr("HATA: %s\n", e->message);
        g_error_free(e); g_free(d);
        g_main_loop_quit((GMainLoop *)data); break;
    }
    default: break;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    const char *host = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "127.0.0.1";
    gchar *desc;
    GstElement *pipeline;
    GstBus *bus;

    gst_init(&argc, &argv);
    signal(SIGINT, sig_handler);

    desc = g_strdup_printf(
        "v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! "
        "video/x-raw,format=YUYV,width=1280,height=720,framerate=30/1 ! "
        "videoconvert ! video/x-raw,format=I420 ! "
        "tee name=t "
        "t. ! queue leaky=2 ! "
        "    x264enc bitrate=3000 speed-preset=fast key-int-max=30 ! "
        "    mp4mux ! filesink location=kayit.mp4 "
        "t. ! queue leaky=2 max-size-buffers=2 ! "
        "    x264enc bitrate=1000 speed-preset=ultrafast tune=zerolatency ! "
        "    rtph264pay config-interval=1 pt=96 ! "
        "    udpsink host=%s port=5000", host);

    pipeline = gst_parse_launch(desc, NULL);
    g_free(desc);

    loop = g_main_loop_new(NULL, FALSE);
    bus  = gst_element_get_bus(pipeline);
    gst_bus_add_watch(bus, bus_cb, loop);
    gst_object_unref(bus);

    gst_element_set_state(pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
    g_print("Kayıt ve stream başladı → %s:5000\n", host);
    g_main_loop_run(loop);

    /* EOS → dosyayı kapat */
    gst_element_send_event(pipeline, gst_event_new_eos());
    g_usleep(500000);  /* 0.5s MP4 kapansın */

    gst_element_set_state(pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
    gst_object_unref(pipeline);
    g_main_loop_unref(loop);
    return 0;
}